Linux has numerous distinct features for different users. There are lots of Linux distributions for a variety of uses, including education, gaming, and developing software. Somehow I can find so many different Linux distributions that I can’t even remember the exact numbers. There are some unique tendencies, revealed in some clones of each other. So it’s kind of confusing. But that’s the beauty of Linux. Few features of Linux distributions are quite identical to one another, but some distributions have their own user interface and unique features.

• 10 Best Linux Server Distributions
• 10 Best Linux Desktop Distributions
• 5 Best Linux Distributions that Looks Like MacOS
• 5 Best Linux Distributions To Replace Windows

Although there are numerous Linux distributions, this article conveys the topmost stable Linux distributions of 2022 currently available.

List of Most Stable Linux Distributions

It is quite common for the term “stable” to be used with Linux operating systems or with a distro, this is because of the accessibility of the modification like updating repositories according to user requirements. Out of these modifications, some of them are vital like Debian, roughly like a fork of a base distribution; Arch, Ubuntu, and many others like Mint.

However, they are unable to fulfill numerous features like support and documentation. In this article, we will list down the top 5 most stable Linux Distros carrying good support, repositories, updating regularly, quite easy to use, and durable.

1. Debian Linux

On top of the list, Debian Linux is the most stable Linux distribution. The great thing about it is that it is user-friendly, lightweight, and compatible with other environments. The Debian team has a longer work period, which allows them to fix most of the bugs before releasing a new version.

The current stable distribution of Debian is version 11, codenamed bullseye. Can be downloaded free from the official download page.

Main Features

• Effectively repair bugs
• It does not require maintenance and the software can be updated itself.
• The official archive upholds cutting-edge and modern packages of programming.
• Package manager i.e. Apt the ability to control dependency issues and proficiently orphaned packages

2. Linux Mint

There is always tough competition to be at the top place and the Linux Mint is not far behind. It is the most widely used distribution and is dependent on Debian and Ubuntu. Linux Mint is one of the most well-known Linux distributions that are both free, community-centric open-source Linux distributions with a huge number of packages.

Linux mint was titled as the best distribution in October 2012. “Vanessa” is the latest version, released in July 2022 whereas the older version of this environment was “Ulyssa”. Linux mint also maintains and supports operating systems in Python and helps to modify its software.

Main Features:

• Easy to use
• Completely supports interactive multimedia
• Comes with basic software such as “LibreOffice, Thunderbird, HexChat, Pidgin”
• Linux Mint offers you to download numerous software like “transmission and VLC media player” by using the package manager.
• Easy to install for newbies
• Linux Mint also accompanies numerous flavors like “Cinnamon, GNOME, KDE”, etc.

3. Ubuntu

Ubuntu is considered the most established Linux distribution for Debian beginners. It is pre-installed on many laptops these days. The good thing is, Ubuntu has its own repositories and functionalities which are frequently synced with the repositories of Debian.

Ubuntu is a well-known, open-source desktop that contains various applications like an office suite, email and media applications, and so forth. For example, you can easily make presentations, assignments, and formal documents on Ubuntu with LibreOffice.

Main Features:

• The graphical user interface is easy to use as you can easily customize the look according to your needs.
• Ubuntu has a secure platform.
• It supports numerous desktop environments i.e. “Unity, XFCE, MATE”, etc.
• Most customizable distribution for super users.

4. Slackware

Slackware Linux is one of the oldest continuously-developed distributions, having been created by Patrick Volkerding in 1993. that is designed for advanced users who are looking for a secure, stable, and reliable distribution. It has a proven record of reliability and stability, making it a popular choice among advanced users. It is also known for its customizability and comes with a large number of preinstalled packages. It can be used on a wide range of hardware, from low-end PCs to supercomputers.

Main Features:

• The oldest Linux operating system with continuous development
• Flexible and stable distribution
• Can be easily installed on older hardware.

5. OpenSUSE

OpenSUSE is another incredibly stable Linux distro developed by various companies and SUSE Linux. The purpose of OpenSUSE is to make easily accessible open-source tools by giving developers a user-friendly environment.
OpenSUSE combines and collaborates in order to stop conveying the ordinary release and focus to deliver the most stable distros. The code of OpenSUSE usually takes each one of the extraordinary characteristics from the Enterprise of SUSE Linux and gives the other way around.

Main Features:

• User friendly
• It also supports graphic cards.
• It has various characteristics of “GNOME, KDE, Cinnamon, LXDE, Xfce, Openbox”, etc.

Conclusion

As you can see, each Linux distribution has its own unique features and is optimized to perform specific tasks. This article conveys the top 5 most stable Linux Distributions for 2022.

The term stable is very relative when it comes to operating systems. It depends on the type of hardware you are running on your system or the software you are going to run. An operating system that is stable for one user might not be stable for another. When looking for a new stable OS for your system you should go for the one which has the LTS or stable version tag.

The post Top 5 Most Stable Linux Distributions in 2022 appeared first on TecAdmin.

• 10 Best Linux Server Distributions
• 10 Best Linux Desktop Distributions
• 5 Best Linux Distributions that Looks Like MacOS
• 5 Most Stable Linux Distributions

We are going to see the top 5 Linux distributions to replace Windows 10 and 8.

1. Zorin OS

The first and the best OS you can use as an alternative to Windows is the Zorin OS. It’s very similar to Windows 10 as well as 8. One of the cool things about the OS is that you will also get a feel of Mac here. So, we can say that it’s a combination of Windows and Mac. If you are planning to make a shift and don’t have much experience using Linux, you can surely start with this distribution. You can surely try out this OS. It’s a stable OS and you won’t face any issues in using this. It’ssuited for beginners as well.

When the functions and the user interface are easy to use, you will feel the same as Windows. You can then upgrade to other versions or you can also get other distributions if you want. However, if you want to get started with the OS, this one is the best distribution for you. The start menu will look almost similar to the Windows. Even the other things such as taskbar, folder view, etc are very similar to the Windows user interface. Therefore, this is one of the OS you can try if you are a Windows user.

2. Kubuntu

Kubuntu is yet another mixed form of Windows and Linux. You will get a very similar start menu. However, the folder views are different here. The point is that you won’t face any issues in using the OS and neither it will be hard to migrate from Windows. You can use it with ease. Many people might confuse it with Ubuntu but you need to understand that this is a different OS as compared to Ubuntu. If you have used Ubuntu before, you will see that this OS is a mixed form of Ubuntu and Windows. You will get a touch of Windows as well as it includes a touch of Ubuntu.

You might have heard the news that Windows 11 will soon be available. As of now, it’s available for the beta phase. Well, this OS will be very similar to that one. So, if you don’t want to miss out on using Windows 11 and want to get the experience of using the same, you can directly use Kubuntu. Here, you will get the vibe of using both of these. Therefore, this is our second best choice for Windows users who want to shift to Linux.

3. Chalet OS

Again, Chalet OS is very similar to the above-mentioned one. As you might have guessed, here you will get the vibe for Windows and Ubuntu at the same time. Not to mention, it will also feel like Windows 11 experience. So, this becomes the next choice of Linux Distribution to replace Windows 10 or 8. One of the core things you need to look for is an overview of the OS. One might want to ensure that the settings are easy to apply and the basic functions can be done just as in Windows.

Here, you will get both of the OS in one. Starting from the start menu to the folder view, it has got all the things that are very similar to Windows. The start menu is a bit different from Windows’ latest version. Here, you will get a menu similar to Windows 7. Admit it, we all loved Windows 7 vibes, right? In this OS, you will get a decent experience with Windows 7. It also has a touch of Windows 10. So, you won’t feel like you are using an outdated version of Windows. Therefore, this is yet another great Linux distribution to replace Windows.

4. Linux Mint

This is quite a popular Linux distribution. Therefore, there are good chances that you might have heard about this one. This is another good distribution that works just like Windows. Especially, the start menu is very similar to Windows 10. You will also get the categories just like you get in the Windows 10 start menu. This is why you can surely go with the Linux Mint. This is how you can easily get started with Linux.

Mint is also known for its versatility. You can easily get started with Linux Mint as it’s pretty versatile. You can also customize anything you want. This will give you a proper feel for using Windows. It’s one of the most similar distributions as compared to Windows. This is why you can surely go with the OS. Another great thing about Mint is that it is quite popular. Therefore, even if you want to learn more about the OS, you will get plenty of resources to learn it with ease. You might even find the tutorial in your regional language. Therefore, you can get started with this.

5. ReactOS

Do you love older versions of Windows, you should surely go with the ReactOS in that case. ReactOS will give you a proper feel about the Windows’ older versions. If you are a huge fan of Windows XP like most of us are, you should surely check this out. In that case, you will have to go with this OS. Here, you will get the feeling of Windows XP as well as Windows 10. It looks like they have taken all the great interfaces of XP and added it in Windows 10. Overall, it’s a smooth OS.

If you are a fan of classic operating systems, you should surely give this a try. However, if you like the modern OS, you should go with the Zorin OS that we just saw in the first place. Both of these are quite similar. There is a difference in features as well as you will see the interface difference here. Therefore, you can surely try out this OS if you like the classical vibes. The distribution is updated more often. So, you will not have to face more issues in the same case. You will surely get the updated version. However, the looks are classic.

Final Words

To conclude, these are the top 5 best Linux distributions to replace Windows 10 and 8. There is no specific best OS you can use here. All of them have some similar features. Therefore, you can start using any of them as per your choice. The main thing you need to focus on is the user interface. As it is a Linux version, you will surely get the rest of the things directly from the OS. In simpler words, all the Linux distributions have pretty much the same features. Therefore, you can go with any distributions you want here. Just focus more on the user interface.

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Linux operating systems have different versions to cover all types of users according to their requirements and work. These versions are known as distributions. These are open source distributions meaning they are accessible without any cost.

• 10 Best Linux Server Distributions
• 5 Most Stable Linux Distributions
• 5 Best Linux Distributions that Looks Like MacOS
• 5 Best Linux Distributions To Replace Windows

This article will discuss the top 10 popular Linux distributions among 600 plus different distributions based on their purpose, pros and cons, features, and system and user requirements.

MX LINUX:

MX Linux is the top list Debian-based mid-weight distribution, combined with an efficient and elegant desktop environment. It has fantastic stability and easy configuration. It is a perfect combination of modern, old, and fast operating systems. Moreover, it works smoothly for all types of applications and users. According to DistroWatch, the most reliable and up-to-date source for open-source operating systems, the MX Linux is the most downloaded operating system of 2021.

One should choose MX Linux because it has a simple and user-friendly interface with the Xfce desktop. It has an easy installation process, and because of its privacy concerns, it is very safe to use. In MX Linux’s latest version, two variants of Kernels are available. It comes with a great set of tools known as MX tools, specifically designed to provide ease to the user with better features like an MX installer that receives indications about password strength. Its interface and themes are beginner-friendly and easy to use. Moreover, it provides localizations for MX Linux various apps in different languages. Its new version MX 19.4, was released on April 1st, 2021.

System Requirements:

The basic system requirements to install the MX Linux’s latest version are as follow:

• AMD processor or modern i486 Intel is required.
• 512 MB RAM is required.
• 5 GB hard drive space is required.
• An HDA-compatible sound card
• A live USB or CD/DVD drive

MANJARO:

It is an Arch Linux-based operating system. It is a user-friendly, easily accessible, free, and open-source operating system. It has different automatic tools which provide ease to the user by avoiding manual tasks and hence increase the performance of the system and user. Moreover, it is one of the most suitable operating systems for beginners because of its simple user interface and built-in practical graphical user interface applications.

It engages the users during their busy routine through update notifications, giving the complete user control over notifications and the system. This system can be used among different users by creating an account for each, as they can use their personal space and have permissions of their own on the system. This Linux distribution is appropriate for every category of people; that is why it is among the top distributions. Its new version, Manjaro 21.0.5.1, was released on May 31st, 2021.

System Requirements:

The basic system requirements to install the latest version are as follows:

• 1 GB memory
• Hard drive space of 30 GB
• 1 GHz Processor
• Stable internet connection

LINUX MINT:

It is a free and open-source operating system based on Ubuntu. It has one of the best software managers, and it provides more than 30,000 packages. It has a very artistic user interface suitable for all those users who have just migrated from Windows to Linux. In the latest release of Linux Mint, we have various valuable features like system reports that give complete information about the system and reports.

It has an update manager through which users can install the latest updates like security and system updates. It uses minimum hardware resources, and thus it is fast and efficient. Users can use it as a gaming operating system by installing Steam; also, it has elegant background themes. The default desktop environment of Linux mint is cinnamon; however, the MATE and XFCE desktops are also available. The latest version, 20.1 Ulyssa, was released on Jan-08-2021.

System Requirements:

The basic system requirements to install the latest version are as follows:

• 1 GB RAM, but for smoother use, 2 GB RAM is preferable.
• Around 15 to 20 GB of disk space is required.

POP OS:

Among the top 10 best distributions, we have Pop_OS which is a Debian-based operating system with a G-Nome desktop. It has been created to provide ease to users by avoiding distractions on the desktop to give them an entirely focused work environment. This distribution is specifically for creative professionals who love to do experiments by using this distribution as a medium to unleash their potential. System 76, a Linux computer retailer, developed Pop_OS.

One of the best and most efficient facilities that Pop_OS provides to its user is automatic windows tiling, as it has decreased their workload by organizing data and arranging windows themselves. In addition, it has another fantastic feature of G-Nome extensions, which allows the user to manage and configure extensions on Pop_OS.

System Requirements:

The basic system requirements to install the latest version, 20.10, are as follows:

• 2 GB RAM, but for a smooth experience, 4 GB is recommended.
• Hard disk storage of 16 GB
• A 64-bit processor

ENDEAVOUR OS:

Released back in 2019, it is the latest arch-based Linux distribution that names among the top 10 best Linux desktop distributions. This distribution is known as one of the best user-friendly distributions. It has removed the problematic task of going through a complicated guide installer and gives logical and practical solutions. This distribution has a welcome app for beginners to guide them throughout their journey of using the distribution, and it also updates according to the user requirements.

It supports various desktop environments, and users do not need an active and stable internet connection to install this fantastic distribution. The default desktop of Endeavour OS is Xfce, while the user can opt for any other Desktop Environment among the various options. Well, it is not recommended for Mac and Windows users to directly jump into this distro as there are many user-friendly distributions for newbies. The latest version of this distribution was released on 17th April 2021.

System Requirements:

The basic system requirements to install the latest version are as follows:

• 2 GB RAM, but for efficient experience, 4 GB is required.

UBUNTU:

This distribution is well known, and it does not need any introduction. It has been developed by Canonical after putting a lot of effort and devotion to make it a perfect and widespread distribution. This is the reason that now users can find it everywhere. The reason for its growth is that it is Debian-based user-friendly and the base for other distributions. Above all, it introduces a new and practical feature, “try Ubuntu,” where users can try it before installing the actual operating system.

Ubuntu comes with all necessary features and pre-installed applications to run according to the user’s needs. It is considered one of the most secure operating systems with built-in virus protection software and firewall. It is easily accessible for everyone and is translated into more than 50 languages to provide ease to users. It is the world of applications where users can find all necessary applications. Its latest Long Term Support (LTS) is 20.04 which was released on 23rd April 2020.

System Requirements:

The basic system requirements to install the latest version of Ubuntu are as follows:

• 4 GB RAM
• 25 GB hard disk space
• 2 GHz dual-core processor
• Internet connection

DEBIAN:

It is one of the oldest Linux distributions, also known as the universal operating system. It has also served as a base for various other distributions. However, compared to today’s modern distros, it is considered a grandparent whose latest version provides over 59,000 packages that use high-quality deb format with various desktop environments.

It is free and open-source software that is popular among users because of its reliable and secure system. Different users use it on various devices, such as laptops, mobiles, desktops, and servers. It has an extended LTS for a few packages to support them for more than five years. It supports various hardware structures and a diverse range of devices from home routers to Raspberry Pi. Debian’s latest version, 10.9 Buster, was released on 27th March 2021.

System Requirements:

The basic system requirements to install the latest version are as follow:

• 2 GB RAM
• 10 GB hard disk space
• 1 GHz processor

ELEMENTARY OS:

It is one of the best-looking operating systems inspired by Apple, and it looks like MacOS. It is faster than Ubuntu, but as it is built on Ubuntu, it has inherited many features of the Ubuntu distribution. It is considered one of the secure operating systems as the LTS of Ubuntu was released before it. It has some fantastic features to keep the user focused on work, like Multitasking view and Do not disturb features.

It comes with a collection of practical applications for users’ daily needs, such as cameras, music, photos, mail, and many more. It has various options to organize data and files, and it also has some very beneficial options if users want to control the screen timings of children. It is user-friendly, but the keyboard shortcuts make the user a productive user no matter how professional users are. Elementary OS does not make deals with advertisements and never uses users’ data; in short, it does not compromise privacy and security.

System Requirements:

The basic system requirements to install the latest version are as follows:

• 4 GB RAM
• Intel i3
• 15 GB SSD
• Stable internet connection

FEDORA OS:

This operating system was mainly sponsored by Red Hat, a derivative of IBM. The new Fedora 34, an open-source operating system, has five new editions for different types of users. From personal computers to servers, from cloud computing to IoT devices and immutable desktop specializations, it has covered every aspect of the user’s needs. In addition, fedora estimated its current user and announced that the founder of the Linux Kernel is one of the Fedora users.

The lifespan of Fedora versions is usually less, but it does not create interruption for users as they can upgrade the system from time to time without reinstalling it. Gnome is the default desktop, while Gnome shell is the default interface for users. It is considered one of the most secure operating systems to use because it provides very different security options; thus, it is so reliable and stable. Moreover, it is user-friendly which is why users feel its interface is attractive and easy to get. Its latest version was released on 26th- June -2021.

System Requirements:

The basic system requirements to install the latest version are as follows:

• 1 GB RAM at least
• 64-bit Processor
• Minimum 10 GB hard disk space
• Internet connection

OPEN SUSE:

It is known as one of the most adaptable Linux distributions in industries and the only Kubernetes management board. It allows the user to change the system according to their business requirement but not according to the contractual obligations of the system. Therefore, it is considered a flexible operating system for business as one of the primary purposes is to facilitate the business communities over 28 years and earn their trust.

It is one to fit in all sorts of operating systems by providing security and flexibility and a reliable source for users. With its multi-mode architectures and cloud-agnostic designs, users can easily modify their IT infrastructures. It is best for the users who migrate from development to production as the community of SUSE can help them a lot if they face any problems. It is appropriate for laptops, desktops, pc, servers, and netbooks. OpenSUSE has two releases, the standard release and the rolling release, which are known as leap, and tumbleweed, respectively.

System Requirements:

The basic system requirements to install the latest version are as follows:

• Pentium IV
• 2.4 GHz processor
• 2GB Memory recommended

Conclusion

Linux is a free and open-source operating system, far more famous for its features and user-friendly attributes, i.e., flexibility, security, diversity, and many more. Linux has over 600 different distributions for different types of users according to their work needs. This article has discussed the top 10 distributions in 2021 based on their performance, features, and attributes.

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How to Install Node.js on Linux Mint

This quick how-to guide provides you with two methods to install Node.js & NPM on Linux Mint 21, 20, and 19 Linux systems.

Method 1 – Installing Node.js with Official PPA

First of all, you need to node.js PPA in our system provides by Nodejs official website. We also need to install the python-software-properties package if not installed already. You can choose either to install the latest Node.js version or the LTS version.

For Latest Release

sudo apt-get install curl python-software-properties software-properties-common 
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_19.x | sudo bash - 

For LTS Release

sudo apt-get install curl python-software-properties software-properties-common 
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_18.x | sudo bash - 

For this tutorial, I have added the latest release Apt repository on my Linux Mint system. NPM will also be installed with node.js. This command will also install many other dependent packages on your system.

sudo apt-get install nodejs 

Method 2 – Installing Node.js with NVM

NVM provides a shell script for the installation on the Linux system. So, execute the installer script with the below commands. This will install the nvm command on your system.

sudo apt install curl 
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/master/install.sh | bash 

Now, load the nvm environment in the current shell with the below command.

source ~/.profile 

NVM is successfully installed on your system. Now you can install any node.js version with the help of NVM.

nvm install 16.14 

You can run the above command with different 2 versions to install any number of Node.js on your Linux Mint systems. For example, you can use nvm install 17 or nvm install 12.18, etc.

The systems have multiple node.js versions installed, can use the below command to set any installed node.js version as an active version.

nvm use 16.14 

You can find detailed instruction’s about the node.js installation in our previous tutorials. Find more details about Node.js installation via NVM.

How to Check Default Node.js Version

After completing the installation process of node.js, Let’s check and verify the installed version. You can find more details about the current version on node.js official website.

node -v  

v19.2.0

Also, check the version of NPM.

npm -v  

8.19.3

• Don’t Miss => Yarn Installation ( A Node Modules Manager)

Step 4 – Create A Demo Web Server (Optional)

This is an optional step. If you want to test your node.js install. Let’s create a web server with “Hello World!” text. Create a file http_server.js

sudo nano http_server.js 

and add the following content

var http = require('http');
http.createServer(function (req, res) {
  res.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'});
  res.end('Hello World\n');
}).listen(3000, "127.0.0.1");
console.log('Server running at http://127.0.0.1:3000/');

Now start the web server using the command.

node http_server.js 

Server running at http://127.0.0.1:3000/

The web server has been started on port 3000. Now access http://127.0.0.1:3000/ URL in the browser.

The post How To Install Node.js on Linux Mint 21/20/19 appeared first on TecAdmin.

Use this tutorial to install OpenJDK Java 8 on Ubuntu 19.10, 18.04 LTS, 16.04 LTS, LinuxMint 19, 18 using PPA. Follow the below steps to install Java 8 on Ubuntu via the command line.

Step 1 – Install Java 8 on Ubuntu

The OpenJDK 8 is available under default Apt repositories. You can simply install Java 8 on an Ubuntu system using the following commands.

Run below commands to install Java 8 on Ubuntu and LinuxMint.

sudo apt update
sudo apt install openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre

Step 2 – Verify Java Installation

You have successfully installed Java 8 on your system. Let’s verify the installed and current active version using the following command.

java -version

openjdk version "1.8.0_252"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_252-8u252-b09-1ubuntu1-b09)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.252-b09, mixed mode)

Step 3 – Setup JAVA_HOME and JRE_HOME Variable

As you have installed Java on your Linux system, You must have to set JAVA_HOME and JRE_HOME environment variables, which is used by many of the Java applications to find Java libraries during runtime. You can set these variables in /etc/environment file using the following command.

cat >> /etc/environment <<EOL
JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64
JRE_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre
EOL

All done, you have successfully installed Java 8 on a Linux system. You may also need to install Tomcat server to run your Java web application. Use our another tutorial to Install Tomcat 7 or Install Tomcat 8 or Install Tomcat 9 on Ubuntu, Debian, and LinuxMint systems.

The post How to Install JAVA 8 on Ubuntu 18.04/16.04, Linux Mint 19/18 appeared first on TecAdmin.

Summary

The Linux Mint Team has announced the codename “Tara” for upcoming release Linux Mint 19. The new version will be based on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS release. The Linux Mint development team has started working on new release and will available after the release of Ubuntu 18.04 LTS.

A comment by Linux Mint team –

Mint 18.3 was full of new features. Don’t expect as many in Mint 19. We’ll focus mostly on the base, GTK, possibly theming as well and structural changes.

Codename and Release Date

The first release of Linux Mint 19.x will be named as “Tara”. It is a popular name in Ireland.

The Linux Mint team have not set any fixed date for the release. But, this version is estimated to be released in May or June 2018. Linux Mint 19 will be supported until 2023.

New Features in Linux Mint 19

This version is in the early development phase. So there is no long list of upcoming features in this version. But as Linux Mint 19 will be based on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS, So it will get a good foundation for this release.

Linux Mint 19 will use GTK 3.22 which is the current major stable release for GTK3. The team is focusing on base, GTK, and theming.

Reference:
https://blog.linuxmint.com/?p=3494

The post Linux Mint 19 – Release Date, New Features & More appeared first on TecAdmin.

To install Golang on Debian system visit below link:

• Install Golang on Debian

Step 1 — Install Go on Linux Mint

Login to your Linux Mint system using ssh and upgrade to apply the latest security updates.

sudo apt-get update 
sudo apt-get upgrade 

Then download the Go language binary archive file using the following link. To find and download latest version available or 32 bit version go to official download page.

wget https://go.dev/dl/go1.19.linux-amd64.tar.gz 

Now extract the downloaded archive and install it to the desired location on the system. For this tutorial, I am installing it under /usr/local directory. You can also put this under the home directory (for shared hosting) or other location.

tar -xvf go1.19.linux-amd64.tar.gz 
mv go /usr/local 

Step 2 — Setup Go Environment

Now you need to setup Go language environment variables for your project. Commonly you need to set 3 environment variables as GOROOT, GOPATH and PATH.

GOROOT is the location where Go package is installed on your system.

export GOROOT=/usr/local/go 

GOPATH is the location of your work directory. For example my project directory is ~/Projects/Proj1 .

export GOPATH=$HOME/Apps/app1 

Now set the PATH variable to access go binary system wide.

export PATH=$GOPATH/bin:$GOROOT/bin:$PATH 

All above environment will be set for your9 current session only. To make it permanent add above commands in ~/.profile file.

Step 3 — Verify Installation

At this step, you have successfully installed and configured go language on your system. First, use the following command to check the Go version.

go version 

go version go1.19 linux/amd64

Now also verify all configured environment variables using following command.

go env 

GOARCH="amd64"
GOBIN=""
GOCACHE="/root/.cache/go-build"
GOEXE=""
GOHOSTARCH="amd64"
GOHOSTOS="linux"
GOOS="linux"
GOROOT="/usr/local/go"
GOTOOLDIR="/usr/local/go/pkg/tool/linux_amd64"
CC="gcc"
GOGCCFLAGS="-fPIC -m64 -pthread -fmessage-length=0 -fdebug-prefix-map=/tmp/go-build661994963=/tmp/go-build"
CXX="g++"
CGO_ENABLED="1"

The post How To Install Go 1.19 on LinuxMint 21/20/19 appeared first on TecAdmin.

This article will help you to setup HAProxy load balancing environment on Ubuntu, Debian and LinuxMint. This will configure a Layer 4 Load Balancing (Transport Layer). Which will balance load and transfer requests to different-2 servers based on IP address and port numbers.

Network Details –

Below is our network server. There are 3 web servers running with Apache2 and listening on port 80 and one HAProxy server.

Web Server Details:

Server 1:    web1.example.com     192.168.1.101
Server 2:    web2.example.com     192.168.1.102
Server 3:    web3.example.com     192.168.1.103

HAProxy Server: 

HAProxy:     haproxy              192.168.1.12

Step 1 – Install HAProxy

Now start the setup. SSH to your HAProxy server as a privileged user and install HAProxy using following commands.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:vbernat/haproxy-1.8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install haproxy

Step 2 – Configure HAProxy Load Balancing

Now edit haproxy default configuration file /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg and start configuration.

sudo vi /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

Default Settings:

You will find some default configuration like below. If you don’t have enough idea about this, you can keep as it is.

global
	log /dev/log	local0
	log /dev/log	local1 notice
	chroot /var/lib/haproxy
	stats socket /run/haproxy/admin.sock mode 660 level admin
	stats timeout 30s
	user haproxy
	group haproxy
	daemon

	# Default SSL material locations
	ca-base /etc/ssl/certs
	crt-base /etc/ssl/private

	# Default ciphers to use on SSL-enabled listening sockets.
	# For more information, see ciphers(1SSL). This list is from:
	#  https://hynek.me/articles/hardening-your-web-servers-ssl-ciphers/
	ssl-default-bind-ciphers ECDH+AESGCM:DH+AESGCM:ECDH+AES256::RSA+AES:RSA+3DES:!aNULL:!MD5:!DSS
	ssl-default-bind-options no-sslv3

defaults
	log	global
	mode	http
	option	httplog
	option	dontlognull
        timeout connect 5000
        timeout client  50000
        timeout server  50000
	errorfile 400 /etc/haproxy/errors/400.http
	errorfile 403 /etc/haproxy/errors/403.http
	errorfile 408 /etc/haproxy/errors/408.http
	errorfile 500 /etc/haproxy/errors/500.http
	errorfile 502 /etc/haproxy/errors/502.http
	errorfile 503 /etc/haproxy/errors/503.http
	errorfile 504 /etc/haproxy/errors/504.http

Adding HAProxy Listener:

Now tell HAProxy to where to listen for new connections. As per below configuration HAProxy will list on port 80 of 192.168.1.12 ip address.

frontend Local_Server
    bind 192.168.1.12:80
    mode http
    default_backend My_Web_Servers

Add Backend Web Servers:

As per above configuration haproxy is now listening on port 80. Now define the backend web servers where HAProxy send the request.

backend nodes
    mode http
    balance roundrobin
    option forwardfor
    http-request set-header X-Forwarded-Port %[dst_port]
    http-request add-header X-Forwarded-Proto https if { ssl_fc }
    option httpchk HEAD / HTTP/1.1rnHost:localhost
    server web1.example.com  192.168.1.101:80
    server web2.example.com  192.168.1.102:80
    server web3.example.com  192.168.1.103:80

Enable Stats (Optional)

Now if you want you can enable Haproxy statistics by adding following configuration in HAProxy configuration file.

listen stats *:1936
    stats enable
    stats hide-version
    stats refresh 30s
    stats show-node
    stats auth username:password
    stats uri  /stats

Step 3 – Final HAProxy Configuration File

The final configuration file may look like below:

global
	log /dev/log	local0
	log /dev/log	local1 notice
	chroot /var/lib/haproxy
	stats socket /run/haproxy/admin.sock mode 660 level admin
	stats timeout 30s
	user haproxy
	group haproxy
	daemon

	# Default SSL material locations
	ca-base /etc/ssl/certs
	crt-base /etc/ssl/private

	# Default ciphers to use on SSL-enabled listening sockets.
	# For more information, see ciphers(1SSL). This list is from:
	#  https://hynek.me/articles/hardening-your-web-servers-ssl-ciphers/
	ssl-default-bind-ciphers ECDH+AESGCM:DH+AESGCM:ECDH+AES256::RSA+AES:RSA+3DES:!aNULL:!MD5:!DSS
	ssl-default-bind-options no-sslv3

defaults
	log	global
	mode	http
	option	httplog
	option	dontlognull
        timeout connect 5000
        timeout client  50000
        timeout server  50000
	errorfile 400 /etc/haproxy/errors/400.http
	errorfile 403 /etc/haproxy/errors/403.http
	errorfile 408 /etc/haproxy/errors/408.http
	errorfile 500 /etc/haproxy/errors/500.http
	errorfile 502 /etc/haproxy/errors/502.http
	errorfile 503 /etc/haproxy/errors/503.http
	errorfile 504 /etc/haproxy/errors/504.http

frontend Local_Server
    bind 192.168.1.12:80
    mode http
    default_backend My_Web_Servers

backend My_Web_Servers
    mode http
    balance roundrobin
    option forwardfor
    http-request set-header X-Forwarded-Port %[dst_port]
    http-request add-header X-Forwarded-Proto https if { ssl_fc }
    option httpchk HEAD / HTTP/1.1rnHost:localhost
    server web1.example.com  192.168.1.101:80
    server web2.example.com  192.168.1.102:80
    server web3.example.com  192.168.1.103:80

listen stats *:1936
    stats enable
    stats hide-version
    stats refresh 30s
    stats show-node
    stats auth username:password
    stats uri  /stats

Step 4 – Restart HAProxy

Now you have made all necessary changes in your HAProxy server. Now verify configuration file before restarting service using the following command.

haproxy -c -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

If above command returned output as configuration file is valid then restart HAProxy service

sudo service haproxy restart

Step 5 – Verify HAProxy Setting

At this stage, we have a full functional HAProxy setup. At each web server node, I have a demo index.html page showing servers hostname, So we can easily differentiate between servers web pages.

Now access port 80 on IP 192.168.1.12 (as configured above) in the web browser and hit refresh. You will see that HAProxy is sending requests to backend servers one by one (as per round-robin algorithm).

With each refresh you can that HAProxy is sending request one by one to a backend server.

Reference: http://www.haproxy.org/download/1.5/doc/configuration.txt

The post How to Setup HAProxy Load Balancer on Ubuntu 18.04 & 16.04 appeared first on TecAdmin.

A Quick Introduction to Ubuntu Live Drives

Live drives are special types of drives that allow you to boot a computer from a USB device rather than from the hard drive. They’re used in situations where you need a functioning operating system but the computer doesn’t have the OS installed. The most common example of this is when you want to repair a computer that’s been infected with malware or other viruses. You don’t want the infection to spread to your own computer, so you need to use a clean computer to access the infected computer over a network and clean up the drive.

There are two types of live drives: persistent and non-persistent. A persistent live drive keeps the data that’s on the computer even after you turn off the computer. This is helpful for fixing computers because you can leave data on the computer if you want to come back later. A non-persistent live drive deletes all the data on the computer after you turn it off. This is useful for situations where you don’t want to leave anything on the computer you’re accessing.

Installing Unetbootin

The first thing you need to do is install the LiveUSB Creator on Ubuntu. Start by opening a Terminal window and entering the following command: This package isn’t available in the default Ubuntu repositories, so you’ll need to install it from a third-party source. Enter the following command to add the LiveUSB Creator’s repository: You may be asked to enter your computer’s administrative password. After that, you should see a new prompt at the bottom of the Terminal window that says “Added”. Now that you’ve added the LiveUSB Creator’s source, you can install the app with this command:

• Add the PPA to your system:

  sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gezakovacs/ppa 
  

• Update the Apt cache:

  sudo apt update 
  

• Install Unetbootin package:

  sudo apt install unetbootin 
  

Create A Bootable USB

Start the Unetbootin application and attach your USB drive to your system. Now select the distribution name and version from the drop-down for which you need to create a bootable USB. Else you can select ISO from your system.

Final Words

Once you’ve created a live drive, you can use it to boot into a live version of Ubuntu on any computer. This lets you test out Ubuntu to see if you like it without touching your current setup. It’s also helpful if you have a computer that you need to get fixed but is running an operating system on which you don’t have the necessary software. In this case, you can boot into Ubuntu on your live drive and use the computer without installing anything. A LiveUSB drive is a useful tool to have around, and it’s easy to create one with the LiveUSB Creator.

The post Unetbootin: How to Install Bootable USB Creator appeared first on TecAdmin.

This article will help you to install Android Studio on Ubuntu 15.04, 14.10, 14.04 LTS & 12.04 LTS and LinuxMint systems using PPA.

Install JAVA

First make sure you have java installed on your system before installing android studio. If you don’t have already install java visit one of following link to install JAVA 7 or JAVA 8 on Ubuntu & LinuxMint systems.

• Install JAVA 8 on Ubuntu & LinuxMint via PPA
• Install JAVA 7 on Ubuntu & LinuxMint via PPA

Install Android Studio

Android Studio PPA is maintaining by Paolo Rotolo. We just need to add PPA to our system and install it using following set of commands.

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:paolorotolo/android-studio
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install android-studio

The post How to Install Android Studio on Ubuntu & LinuxMint via PPA appeared first on TecAdmin.