This command comes under software-properties-common debian package. Which is not available under the minimal Ubuntu installation, but this package can be installed from default system repositories.

If you found apt-add-repository command not found error on your system, Follow this article to add this command to your system.

On Latest Ubuntu & Debian Version’s

The latest version of Ubuntu 20.10, 20.04, 18.04, 16.04 and Debian 10/9/8, apt-add-repository command utility is available under the software-properties-common package.

Open a terminal and execute following command:

sudo apt update 
sudo apt install software-properties-common 

That’s it. You can now use apt-add-repository command to add PPA’s.

Ubuntu 13.10/Debian 7 and Older Versions

The systems running with older versions like Ubuntu 13.10 or Debian 7 (Wheezy) or its earlier versions, Needed to install python-software-properties package to add apt-add-repository command.

sudo apt update 
sudo apt install python-software-properties 

Conclusion

This tutorial explained you to how to resolved the issue apt-add-repository command not found on your system.

The post (Solved) apt-add-repository command not found – Ubuntu & Debian appeared first on TecAdmin.

The Ubuntu and other Debian based systems uses APT (Advanced Packages Tool) as package manager. Apt keeps all the configuration files under /etc/apt directory.

This tutorial will help you to list all installed repositories under a Ubuntu or Debian based system via command line.

List Installed Repositories In Ubuntu

The remote repository references are configured in /etc/apt/sources.list file and all files under /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ directory.

Use the following command to list all the configured repositories on apt based system:

sudo grep -rhE ^deb /etc/apt/sources.list* 

You will see the output like below:

deb http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb-src http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
.
.
.
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security multiverse

Alternatively, you can use apt-cache command to list all repositories. This command will provide also provide more details about the repository.

Let’s try below command:

sudo apt-cache policy 

Output:

Package files:
 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     release a=now
 500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ondrej/php/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages
     release v=16.04,o=LP-PPA-ondrej-php,a=xenial,n=xenial,l=***** The main PPA for supported PHP versions with many PECL extensions *****,c=main,b=amd64
     origin ppa.launchpad.net
 500 https://deb.nodesource.com/node_13.x xenial/main amd64 Packages
     release o=Node Source,n=xenial,l=Node Source,c=main,b=amd64
     origin deb.nodesource.com
.
.
.
 500 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages
     release v=16.04,o=Ubuntu,a=xenial,n=xenial,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=amd64
     origin mirrors.digitalocean.com
Pinned packages:

Conclusion

In this tutorial, you have learned to find all the repositories configured on Ubuntu or Debian based system.

The post How to List Installed Repositories In Ubuntu & Debian appeared first on TecAdmin.

Delete Commit History in Github Repository

Follow the below instruction to completely delete the commit history of the GitHub repository.

1. Create Orphan Branch – Create a new orphan branch in git repository. The newly created branch will not show in `git branch` command.

   git checkout --orphan temp_branch 
   

2. Add Files to Branch – Now add all files to the newly created branch and commit them using the following commands.

   git add -A 
   git commit -am "the first commit" 
   

3. Delete master Branch – Now you can delete the master branch from your git repository.

   git branch -D master 
   

4. Rename Current Branch – After deleting the master branch, let’s rename the newly created branch name to master.

   git branch -m master 
   

5. Push Changes – You have completed the changes to your local git repository. Finally, push your changes to the remote (Github) repository forcefully.

   git push -f origin master 
   

Keep in mind that deleting commit history is a destructive operation, as it permanently removes commits from the repository. It is generally not recommended to delete commit history unless it is absolutely necessary.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, we have described to you to remove the commit history of a GitHub repository. The same instruction can be followed on other upstream Git repository providers like Gitlab, BitBucket, etc.

The post How to Delete Commit History in Github appeared first on TecAdmin.

Sometimes you may need to delete these untracked files from your code. These files can be some temporarily created files in an application. Use the below commands to list all untracked files and delete them from the code base.

List Untracked Files

First list all the untracked files using the following commands. This is the list of files which will be deleted. This is to make sure that you are not deleting any useful files.

git clean -f -n

Remove Untracked Files

All the files listed in above output will be deleted completely from the system. You can’t recover these files back. Check all files listed above and if found any useful files add them in repository first. After confirming that all listed files are not useful, now execute the following command to delete them.

git clean -f

Remove Untracked Directories

Above command will delete all untracked files only but not directory. So if you want to remove untracked directories also, use the following commands. The first command will list untracked files and directories and the second command will delete them.

git clean -f -d -n      # List untracked files and directories 
git clean -f -d       # Remove untracked files and directories 

See the git-clean docs for more information.

The post How to Remove Untracked Files from Local Git Repository appeared first on TecAdmin.

How to Recover Corrupted SVN Repository –

Before start recovery we should know about this file. This file contains the latest revision number of your repository. On each commit svn server increase this value by +1 and keep this on last revision.

Now If you remember the version of your repository, Just recreate new file and put that number in this file. But If you don’t remembers it, then the problem start, but don’t worry. Follow below steps to find revision number.

• Enter Any Number –

  Enter a number and try to keep it higher than expected last revision. In my case i have put 99999 in db/current file.

  rahul@tecadmin:~$ cat db/current
  
  99999
  

• Backup Repository –

  Now use the following command to backup this repository. When you run the following command, it may end with error like below.

  rahul@tecadmin:~$ svnadmin dump /path/to/repo > /backup/myrepo.dump
  
  
  * Dumped revision 0.
  * Dumped revision 1.
  ...
  ...
  * Dumped revision 576.
  * Dumped revision 577.
  * Dumped revision 578.
  svnadmin: E160006: No such revision 579 
  

  As per your output, we got that our repository have 578 revisions. You can just put this value in your db/current file. But if there are any more files corrupted, then continue to following steps.

• Backup Repository Again –

  Now we have the last revision number, So specify revisions from 0 to last revision to backup.

  rahul@tecadmin:~$ svnadmin dump -r 0:578 /path/to/repo > /backup/myrepo.dump
  

• Re-Create New Repository –

  Now remove old corrupted repository and create new one with same name or other name.

  rahul@tecadmin:~$ mv /path/to/repo /backup/
  rahul@tecadmin:~$ svnadmin create /path/to/repo
  

• Load Repository from Backup –

  Now load repository data from backup file using following command.

  rahul@tecadmin:~$ svnadmin load /path/to/repo < /backup/myrepo.dump
  

The post SVN Repository Corruption – SVNREPO/db/current appeared first on TecAdmin.

This article will help you to install EPEL and REMI repository on CentOS and Red Hat 7/6/5 systems.

Install EPEL Repository

EPEL release package is available under default CentOS repositories. So use the following command to install EPEL yum repository on your CentOS/RHEL 7/6/5 systems.

yum install epel-release

In the case of command doesn’t work for you, use one of below commands.

### For CentOS/RHEL 7 ###
rpm -Uvh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/Packages/e/epel-release-7-11.noarch.rpm

### For CentOS/RHEL 6 ###
rpm -Uvh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

Install REMI Repository

Use following commands to install REMI yum repository on your CentOS/RHEL 7/6/5 systems. Make sure you already have installed EPEL repository before installing REMI.

### For CentOS/RHEL 7 ###
rpm -Uvh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm

### For CentOS/RHEL 6 ###
rpm -Uvh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-6.rpm

List all Installed Repository

Use following command to list all installed yum repositories in your system.

yum repolist

Sample Output

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: pubmirrors.dal.corespace.com
 * epel: linux.mirrors.es.net
 * extras: mirrors.easynews.com
 * remi: mirrors.mediatemple.net
 * updates: mirrors.easynews.com
repo id                 repo name                                             status
base                    CentOS-6 - Base                                        6,518
epel                    Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - x86_64        11,153
extras                  CentOS-6 - Extras                                         37
pgdg91                  PostgreSQL 9.1 6 - x86_64                                279
pgdg93                  PostgreSQL 9.3 6 - x86_64                                307
puppetlabs-deps         Puppet Labs Dependencies El 6 - x86_64                    77
puppetlabs-products     Puppet Labs Products El 6 - x86_64                       475
remi                    Les RPM de remi pour Enterprise Linux 6 - x86_64       2,407
updates                 CentOS-6 - Updates                                       748
repolist: 22,001

The post How to Install EPEL and REMI Repository on CentOS/RedHat 7/6 appeared first on TecAdmin.

RPMforge is a collaboration of Dag and other packages. It provides a large number of packages for CentOS and RHEL systems.

This article will help you to how to add rpmforge repository on your CentOS/RHEL 7/6/5 systems. To install more yum repositories visit article top 5 yum repositories.

The post How to Add RPMForge Yum Repository in CentOS/RHEL 7/6/5 appeared first on TecAdmin.

Below list contains top 5 yum repositories (RPMFusin, EPEL, REMI, ELRepo, Webtatic) for RHEL based systems with installation links, which we need to keep our system up to date with latest packages. These repositories having most of the RPMs required for servers.

The RPM Fusion repository provides the packages that are not shipped with the Fedora or Red Hat. You can add RPMFusion yum repository by executing following commands based on your system OS version.

### For CentOS/RHEL 7 ###
sudo yum localinstall --nogpgcheck https://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/el/rpmfusion-free-release-7.noarch.rpm 
sudo yum localinstall --nogpgcheck https://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/el/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-7.noarch.rpm

### For CentOS/RHEL 6 ###
sudo yum localinstall --nogpgcheck https://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/el/rpmfusion-free-release-6.noarch.rpm
sudo yum localinstall --nogpgcheck https://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/el/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-6.noarch.rpm

### For Fedora 28/27/26/25/24 ###
sudo dnf install https://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-$(rpm -E %fedora).noarch.rpm
sudo dnf install https://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-$(rpm -E %fedora).noarch.rpm

Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux (EPEL) is a group that maintains the latest packages to their repository. It also contains the extra packages required for Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), CentOS and Scientific Linux (SL) or Oracle Linux (OL).

Use following commands to install EPEL yum repository on your CentOS/RHEL 7/6/5 systems.

### For CentOS/RHEL 7 ###
sudo yum localinstall --nogpgcheck http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/Packages/e/epel-release-7-11.noarch.rpm

### For CentOS/RHEL 6 ###
sudo yum localinstall --nogpgcheck  http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

REMI is also a useful yum repository contains updated packages for Enterprise Linux systems. Use the following commands to install REMI yum repository on your CentOS/RHEL 7/6 and Fedora 28/27/26/25/24 systems.

### For CentOS/RHEL 7 ###
sudo yum localinstall --nogpgcheck http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm

### For CentOS/RHEL 6 ###
sudo yum localinstall --nogpgcheck http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-6.rpm

### Fedora 28/27/26/25/24 ###
sudo dnf install http://rpms.famillecollet.com/fedora/remi-release-$(rpm -E %fedora).rpm

ELRepo is an RPM repository for Enterprise Linux packages. It supports Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) and its derivatives like CentOS, Scientific Linux etc. This Project focuses on hardware related packages to enhance your experience with Enterprise Linux. This includes filesystem drivers, graphics drivers, network drivers, sound drivers, webcam and video drivers.

### For CentOS/RHEL 7 ###
sudo rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org
sudo rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-3.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm

### For CentOS/RHEL 6 ###
sudo rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org
sudo rpm -Uvh  http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-6-8.el6.elrepo.noarch.rpm

Webtatic is a yum repository generally deals with the web hosting related packages, which is not included with CentOS/RHEL repositories. Execute one of the following commands to install REMI yum repository on your CentOS/RHEL 7/6/5 systems.

### For CentOS/RHEL 7 ###
sudo yum localinstall --nogpgcheck http://repo.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm

### For CentOS/RHEL 6 ###
sudo yum localinstall --nogpgcheck http://repo.webtatic.com/yum/el6/latest.rpm

### For CentOS/RHEL 5 ###
sudo yum localinstall --nogpgcheck http://repo.webtatic.com/yum/el5/latest.rpm

Thanks for reading this article. Read next article to setup your CentOS/RHEL system to keep packages up to date.

The post Top 5 Yum Repositories for CentOS/RHEL 7/6/5 appeared first on TecAdmin.

Install CentALT in CentOS/RHEL 6/5

Use one of below option to install CentALT repository as per your system architecture and operating system.

CentOS/RHEL 6, 32 Bit (i386):

# rpm -Uvh http://centos.alt.ru/repository/centos/6/i386/centalt-release-6-1.noarch.rpm

CentOS/RHEL 6, 64 Bit x86_64):

# rpm -Uvh http://centos.alt.ru/repository/centos/6/x86_64/centalt-release-6-1.noarch.rpm

CentOS/RHEL 5, 32 Bit (i386):

# rpm -Uvh http://centos.alt.ru/repository/centos/5/i386/centalt-release-5-3.noarch.rpm

CentOS/RHEL 5, 64 Bit (x86_64):

# rpm -Uvh http://centos.alt.ru/repository/centos/5/x86_64/centalt-release-5-3.noarch.rpm

The post Install CentALT RPM Repository in CentOS, RHEL 6/5 appeared first on TecAdmin.

• Read: Adding EPEL and REMI Yum Repository on CentOS & RedHat 7/6/5

To enable atrpms yum repository first login to system using root access. Now import ATrpms signing key for verifying packages using following command.

# rpm --import http://packages.atrpms.net/RPM-GPG-KEY.atrpms

Now create repository file with .repo extension under /etc/yum.repos.d/ directory and add following content as per your operating system.

On CentOS / RHEL / Scientific Linux :-

All the users of RHEL, CentOS and Scientific Linux with all other derived distributions. Create a atrpms.repo file in /etc/yum.repos.d directory and add following content

# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/atrpms.repo

[atrpms]
name=Fedora Core $releasever - $basearch - ATrpms
baseurl=http://dl.atrpms.net/el$releasever-$basearch/atrpms/stable
gpgkey=http://ATrpms.net/RPM-GPG-KEY.atrpms
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1

On Fedora Linux :-

All Fedora users create /etc/yum.repos.d/atrpms.repo and add following content to it.

# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/atrpms.repo

[atrpms]
name=Fedora Core $releasever - $basearch - ATrpms
baseurl=http://dl.atrpms.net/f$releasever-$basearch/atrpms/stable
gpgkey=http://ATrpms.net/RPM-GPG-KEY.atrpms
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1

You can directory download rpm packages from here to add repository in system.

The post How to Setup ATrpms Yum Repository on CentOS/RHEL and Fedora appeared first on TecAdmin.